THE SECRET HISTORY OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, by UC Davis Economist Gregory Clark
When was the decisive break from the pre-industrial world of slow
technological advance and stagnant living standards to the modern world of
constant technological progress and steadily improving living standards? Most
historians have assigned the dawn of the modern world to England in 1770.
There has followed a long debate about the cause of the Industrial Revolution.
Here I argue that there was no significant break in 1770 from the earlier world.
That break only occurred later in the nineteenth century. Instead the Industrial
Revolution was most likely the last of a series of localized growth spurts
stretching back to the Middle Ages, as in the Netherlands from 1500 to 1660, and
northern Italy in the fourteenth century. Accidents of demand, demography,
trade, and geography made this spurt seem different than what had come before –
but it was really more of the same.
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